"""Middleware that falls back to a secondary model when the primary fails transiently.

Wraps the model call. When the primary model raises a transient provider error
(5xx, 429, connection/timeout), the same request is retried once against the
configured fallback model. The fallback is bound to tools by the agent factory
on the second call, so swapping ``request.model`` is sufficient.

Bidirectional: if the primary is Anthropic the fallback is typically OpenAI,
and vice versa. The middleware itself is provider-agnostic — it inspects the
exception type/status code to decide whether to fall over.
"""

from __future__ import annotations

import logging
from collections.abc import Awaitable, Callable
from typing import Any

import anthropic
import openai
from botocore.exceptions import ClientError
from langchain.agents.middleware import AgentMiddleware
from langchain.agents.middleware.types import ModelCallResult, ModelRequest, ModelResponse
from langchain_core.language_models import BaseChatModel
from langchain_core.messages import AIMessage

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

_RETRYABLE_STATUS_CODES = {408, 409, 425, 429, 500, 502, 503, 504, 529}

_TRANSIENT_EXCEPTIONS: tuple[type[BaseException], ...] = (
    anthropic.APIConnectionError,
    anthropic.APITimeoutError,
    anthropic.RateLimitError,
    anthropic.InternalServerError,
    openai.APIConnectionError,
    openai.APITimeoutError,
    openai.RateLimitError,
    openai.InternalServerError,
)


_RETRYABLE_BEDROCK_ERROR_CODES = {
    "ThrottlingException",
    "ServiceUnavailableException",
    "ModelTimeoutException",
    "InternalServerException",
}


def _should_fallback(exc: BaseException) -> bool:
    if isinstance(exc, _TRANSIENT_EXCEPTIONS):
        return True
    # Catches OverloadedError (529) and other 5xx/429 surfaced as APIStatusError.
    if isinstance(exc, (anthropic.APIStatusError, openai.APIStatusError)):
        status = getattr(exc, "status_code", None)
        if isinstance(status, int) and status in _RETRYABLE_STATUS_CODES:
            return True
    # Bedrock (Claude) raises botocore ClientError for transient throttling/5xx.
    if isinstance(exc, ClientError):
        code = exc.response.get("Error", {}).get("Code", "")
        if code in _RETRYABLE_BEDROCK_ERROR_CODES:
            return True
    return False


def _error_body(exc: BaseException) -> dict[str, Any]:
    body = getattr(exc, "body", None)
    return body if isinstance(body, dict) else {}


def _nested_str(data: dict[str, Any], *keys: str) -> str | None:
    current: Any = data
    for key in keys:
        if not isinstance(current, dict):
            return None
        current = current.get(key)
    return current if isinstance(current, str) and current else None


def _provider_access_error_message(exc: BaseException) -> str | None:
    if isinstance(exc, anthropic.BadRequestError):
        body = _error_body(exc)
        error_code = _nested_str(body, "error", "details", "error_code")
        if error_code == "model_not_available":
            provider_message = _nested_str(body, "error", "message") or str(exc)
            return (
                "The selected Anthropic model is not available to this workspace. "
                f"Anthropic returned: {provider_message} "
                "Choose a different model or update the workspace's Anthropic access and retry."
            )

    if isinstance(exc, (openai.BadRequestError, openai.NotFoundError)):
        body = _error_body(exc)
        error_code = _nested_str(body, "error", "code")
        if error_code in {"model_not_found", "model_not_available"}:
            provider_message = _nested_str(body, "error", "message") or str(exc)
            return (
                "The selected OpenAI model is not available to this workspace. "
                f"OpenAI returned: {provider_message} "
                "Choose a different model or update the workspace's OpenAI access and retry."
            )

    # Bedrock access/lookup failures embed the caller's role ARN and account id in the
    # raw botocore message; surface only the error code so identifiers never reach logs
    # or the user-facing channel.
    if isinstance(exc, ClientError):
        code = exc.response.get("Error", {}).get("Code", "")
        if code in {"AccessDeniedException", "ResourceNotFoundException"}:
            return (
                "The selected Bedrock model is not available to this deployment "
                f"(Bedrock error: {code}). Verify the model's inference-profile access and "
                "IAM permissions, choose a different model, and retry."
            )

    return None


class ModelFallbackMiddleware(AgentMiddleware):
    """Retry the model call against a fallback provider on transient errors."""

    def __init__(self, fallback_model: BaseChatModel) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        self._fallback_model = fallback_model

    def wrap_model_call(
        self,
        request: ModelRequest,
        handler: Callable[[ModelRequest], ModelResponse],
    ) -> ModelCallResult:
        try:
            return handler(request)
        except Exception as exc:
            access_error_message = _provider_access_error_message(exc)
            if access_error_message is not None:
                logger.warning("Model access error surfaced to user: %s", type(exc).__name__)
                return AIMessage(content=access_error_message)
            if not _should_fallback(exc):
                raise
            logger.warning(
                "Primary model failed (%s); falling back to %s",
                type(exc).__name__,
                getattr(self._fallback_model, "model_name", None)
                or getattr(self._fallback_model, "model", "fallback"),
            )
            return handler(request.override(model=self._fallback_model))

    async def awrap_model_call(
        self,
        request: ModelRequest,
        handler: Callable[[ModelRequest], Awaitable[ModelResponse]],
    ) -> Any:
        try:
            return await handler(request)
        except Exception as exc:
            access_error_message = _provider_access_error_message(exc)
            if access_error_message is not None:
                logger.warning("Model access error surfaced to user: %s", type(exc).__name__)
                return AIMessage(content=access_error_message)
            if not _should_fallback(exc):
                raise
            logger.warning(
                "Primary model failed (%s); falling back to %s",
                type(exc).__name__,
                getattr(self._fallback_model, "model_name", None)
                or getattr(self._fallback_model, "model", "fallback"),
            )
            return await handler(request.override(model=self._fallback_model))